中国DOS联盟

@echo off
set file=c:\abc\efg\xxx.xxx
call :Print %file%
pause
goto :eof

:Print
echo %~nx1
goto :eof

刚在本网站看到一旧贴，不解，那个第三行 call :Print %file%和%~nx1是什么意思呀？

call /?

C:\Test>call /?
Calls one batch program from another.

CALL filename

batch-parameters Specifies any command-line information required by the
batch program.

If Command Extensions are enabled CALL changes as follows:

CALL command now accepts labels as the target of the CALL. The syntax
is:

CALL :label arguments

A new batch file context is created with the specified arguments and
control is passed to the statement after the label specified. You must
"exit" twice by reaching the end of the batch script file twice. The
first time you read the end, control will return to just after the CALL
statement. The second time will exit the batch script. Type GOTO /?
for a description of the GOTO :EOF extension that will allow you to
"return" from a batch script.

In addition, expansion of batch script argument references (%0, %1,
etc.) have been changed as follows:


%* in a batch script refers to all the arguments (e.g. %1 %2 %3
%4 %5 ...)

Substitution of batch parameters (%n) has been enhanced. You can
now use the following optional syntax:

%~1 - expands %1 removing any surrounding quotes (")
%~f1 - expands %1 to a fully qualified path name
%~d1 - expands %1 to a drive letter only
%~p1 - expands %1 to a path only
%~n1 - expands %1 to a file name only
%~x1 - expands %1 to a file extension only
%~s1 - expanded path contains short names only
%~a1 - expands %1 to file attributes
%~t1 - expands %1 to date/time of file
%~z1 - expands %1 to size of file
%~$PATH:1 - searches the directories listed in the PATH
environment variable and expands %1 to the fully
qualified name of the first one found. If the
environment variable name is not defined or the
file is not found by the search, then this
modifier expands to the empty string

The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:

%~dp1 - expands %1 to a drive letter and path only
%~nx1 - expands %1 to a file name and extension only
%~dp$PATH:1 - searches the directories listed in the PATH
environment variable for %1 and expands to the
drive letter and path of the first one found.
%~ftza1 - expands %1 to a DIR like output line

In the above examples %1 and PATH can be replaced by other
valid values. The %~ syntax is terminated by a valid argument
number. The %~ modifiers may not be used with %*

哦，我还没注意CALL的用法，原来是这样，也不过上变量的扩展呀

个人认为没必要这样转弯吧，直接for不就行了:

@echo off

for /f "delims=" %%i in ('dir /s /b c:\abc\efg\xxx.xxx') do echo %%~nxi

pause>nul

ps:个人意见，这贴不怎么精华!

呵呵，那个是我们网站上的版主写的，是旧贴子，都已经过时了，哈

%~dpnxi这个扩展变量在上面怎么没有看到呀，这种东西在DOS里真多呀，难道是%~dpi和%~nxi结合的吗？

帮助文档没有必要把所有的组合都列出来吧，自己试试不就知道了？

@echo off

echo %~dpnx0

dos里的变量扩展的功能真大，是把？能够解决各种需求