##################前言 #####################
许多人在问如何学习dos？记得我当初也不知道如何学习dos，走了不少弯路。
为了让刚接触dos的朋友少走弯路，在此我把我的学习经验告诉给你，也许对你有所帮助。
电脑是一门技术，技术的东西纸上谈兵是学不好的。也无法深入下去。你的dos程序需要验证。所以学习dos的第一步就是要构建你的实验环境！古老的dos是16位系统，winxp里面的“dos”是32位系统，其实winxp里面的dos叫它为模拟dos更恰当。因为，它只是模拟了古老的16位dos系统的模样。那么构建自己的实验环境有那些方法呢？
###构建实验环境
方法1：下载安装微软的虚拟机，这种方法是最好的。你可以在虚拟机里装上winxp，同时还可以装上dos系统，实现双启动。你也可以只安装dos系统。比如你可以在本论坛下载dos7.1在虚拟机上安装dos系统。这样你就构建好了你的dos16系统。随着学习的深入，你可以利用软件winimage和ultraISO做出自己的虚拟软盘和虚拟光盘。在虚拟机上练习dos时winimage是必备的软件。这时你就可以用你的虚拟软盘或虚拟光盘去启动你的虚拟机了。到这时你对dos的理解就进步不少了。
方法2：你可以在本机做一个文件夹，比如叫 d:\mydos,这里面就放上你的dos文件，就想堆积木一样的往里面堆放你的dos程序，这里你最好是设置一下本机的环境变量。右键点击桌面上我的电脑：属性---高级---环境变量。你将看到path这个字，在path的最后添加: :d:\mydos 后确定保存就可以了。这样无论你到那个盘下输入你的16位dos命令，都可以正常的打开你的16位系统。
但是这个方法有个缺点，就是有的命令无法在winxp下练习。还得用方法1 才可以。所以方法1才是主要的方法。
为什么winxp可以运行16位的dos系统呢？因为微软的操作系统是向下兼容的。
你还可以进入c:\windows\system32 里面去看看，你将看到有两个文件dosx和command。你点击他们会发现启动的就是16位dos系统。
当然对于模拟dos本来就是在winxp运行的。所以其实验环境，本来就有。也就没什么构建之说。如果你想做一个双启动，建议你还是在虚拟机上去做。另外，微软的虚拟机是免费的。不要听网上说的什么破解之类的话。你可以直接到微软的官方网站下。最好是英文版本的。dos就是要和英文打交道。
### 初学dos需用那些工具呢？
学习dos我想应该准备下面的一下工具
外语翻译软件----推荐用lingoes,这个软件很小。翻译效果很好。更主要的是它是免费的，你只要到百度里输入lingoes就可以找到官方下载地此。
其次 就是要准备做软盘镜像的工具-----winimage。这个软件要注册。你可以在网上找多的很。
最后就是准备一个做虚拟光盘的软件----推荐用ultraiso。这个也要注册，网上很容易找到的。
还有就是要找到dos文件，这不难，dos71就不错。
#### dos文件的编辑器
第一种 dos自带的 edit
第二种 记事本，我就喜欢用记事本编辑。好用
第三种 在cmd中 用命令 ，各步如下：
1）copy con d:\my.txt 注：con只控制台。其实就把它理解为cmd屏幕就可以了。这是要在D盘创建文件my.txt
2）回车，这时，光标会提醒你输入内容。
3）输完你想输入的内容后 按下 F6.这样你就在D盘创建了文件my.txt。此时你到D盘就可以看到文件了。
######看一篇教程---洪恩在线
第一篇：洪恩在线的dos教程，它那清晰的语言，浅显例子的讲解，全面地描述了古典dos的内容，如果一篇教程都是那种几十行的程序不晕才怪，但是洪恩在线的这篇教程，它里面没有那种宏大的程序，只有一些很简单的例子，非常适合初学dos的人看。如果你边看边动手。你一定收获不小，地址：
http://www.hongen.com/pc/newer/os/dos/dos0101.htm
第二篇：找到dos71，或win98 或一键还原里面的autoexec.bat,config.sys打开看看是怎么写的。
#####展开自己的实验，在实验中进步
提出自己的实验课题，如
课题： 在虚拟机上你先装好winxp。然后你想法去创建一个dos系统，实现双启动。
你可以去下一个一键还原来看看，看看比人是如何做的。当你完成这个课题时，你会发现，你已经不是当初的那个你了。
######温故而知新
dos命令要经常用，你才会熟悉。更要学会 用"/?"。因为dos的命令。你很难每条都记得那么准确的。只有这个 "/?" 才是你最可靠的朋友。
另外，要用好你自己电脑上的帮助支持中心，这个中心就在你的开始菜单上，那是微软的解释，是权威。如果你学dos，连你自己电脑上的帮助中心都没去过，那你不会学会dos的。
最后，你要明白16位dos系统历史上曾经，毕竟代表的是一个辉煌的时代，喜欢计算机的朋友，绝不能对那个时代的知识一无所知。今天学习古典dos可以用来完成ghost备份还原系统。可以完成磁盘分区，格式化磁盘，调整磁盘的分区大小，可以进入dos杀毒，还可以做很多很多的事情，学习古典dos也可以更好的理解winxp下的cmd。所以我们应该怀有一种继承古典dos的精髓，发扬模拟dos的愿望，去努力的学好古典的以及现代的dos。
时间是一条长河，虽然我们已经进入了winxp时代，但是有许多事情，依然离不开古典和现代的dos。
让我们徜徉在时间这条长河中，在古典与现代的交相辉映中去欣赏dos的美轮美奂吧.....!
修订：2009-2-15 zunyi by zwd
附注：微软的虚拟机要求你的pc内存不得少于512m。否则你运行起来很困难的。微软官方下载地此：
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=04d26402-3199-48a3-afa2-2dc0b40a73b6&DisplayLang=en
其实这个地此 就是从你自己电脑上的开始菜单上的----window catalog---下载（含英文版）---输入虚拟机就找到这个地此了。
如果你要学习网络dos ，那虚拟机就不能缺少，比如你要练习，net send 发送消息，你没网络还真的不能练习。就是说虚拟机可以在本机上组建网络，然后你可以在本机上学习网络dos命令。
文章中提到的工具 ，其实你的系统安装盘里面的winpe文件夹里面就都有。
补充：***********************************
::.--.-.::
:( ( )::::: 东边日出西边雨
(_, \ ) ,_):: 道是无晴却有情 |
:::-'--`--:::::::: ~~| , \ _ /
::::::::::::::::::: ,|`-._/| -== (_) ==-
::::::::^^::::::::.' | /||\ / \
::::::^^::::::::.' | ./ ||`\ |
:::::::::::::::/ `-. |/._ || \
::::::::::::::| || || \
~~=~_~^~ =~ \~~~~~~~'~~~~'~~~~/~~`` ~=~^~
~^^~~-=~^~ ^ `--------------'~^~=~^~_~^=~^~
欢迎各位朋友，把你看到的好的文章，好的网此，跟贴在后面。谢谢！2009-2-22
Last edited by 5yue5 on 2009-2-22 at 12:20 ]
################## Preface #####################
Many people are asking how to learn DOS? I remember I didn't know how to learn DOS at the beginning and took a lot of detours.
In order to let friends who have just come into contact with DOS take fewer detours, I will tell you my learning experience here, which may be helpful to you.
Computer is a technology. It is not possible to learn technology well by just talking on paper. It is also impossible to go deep. Your DOS program needs to be verified. So the first step to learn DOS is to build your experimental environment! The ancient DOS is a 16-bit system. The "DOS" in WinXP is a 32-bit system. In fact, the DOS in WinXP is more appropriately called simulated DOS. Because it only simulates the appearance of the ancient 16-bit DOS system. Then what are the methods to build your own experimental environment?
### Build Experimental Environment
Method 1: Download and install Microsoft's virtual machine. This method is the best. You can install WinXP in the virtual machine, and at the same time, you can also install the DOS system to realize dual-boot. You can also only install the DOS system. For example, you can download DOS 7.1 in this forum to install the DOS system on the virtual machine. In this way, you have built your DOS 16 system. As you study further, you can use software WinImage and UltraISO to make your own virtual floppy disk and virtual CD. WinImage is a necessary software when practicing DOS on the virtual machine. At this time, you can use your virtual floppy disk or virtual CD to boot your virtual machine. By then, your understanding of DOS will have improved a lot.
Method 2: You can make a folder on your computer, for example, call it d:\mydos. Put your DOS files in it. Just pile up your DOS programs like building blocks. It is best for you to set the environment variables of your computer here. Right-click on "My Computer" on the desktop: Properties---Advanced---Environment Variables. You will see the word "path". Add :d:\mydos at the end of path and then confirm and save. In this way, no matter which disk you are in, entering your 16-bit DOS command can normally open your 16-bit system.
But this method has a shortcoming, that is, some commands cannot be practiced under WinXP. You still have to use method 1. So method 1 is the main method.
Why can WinXP run the 16-bit DOS system? Because Microsoft's operating system is downwardly compatible.
You can also go to c:\windows\system32 to have a look. You will see two files, dosx and command. If you click on them, you will find that the 16-bit DOS system is started.
Of course, the simulated DOS is originally running under WinXP. So its experimental environment is originally there. So there is no such thing as building. If you want to make a dual-boot, it is recommended that you still do it on the virtual machine. In addition, Microsoft's virtual machine is free. Don't listen to what is said on the Internet about cracking and other things. You can directly download it from Microsoft's official website. It is better to be in the English version. DOS has to deal with English.
### What tools are needed for beginner DOS?
I think the following tools should be prepared for learning DOS
Foreign language translation software----Recommended to use Lingoes. This software is very small. The translation effect is very good. More importantly, it is free. You can just enter Lingoes in Baidu to find the official download address.
Second, you need to prepare a tool for making floppy disk images----WinImage. This software needs to be registered. You can find a lot on the Internet.
Finally, prepare a software for making virtual CDs----Recommended to use UltraISO. This also needs to be registered. It is easy to find on the Internet.
Also, find the DOS files. It's not difficult. DOS 7.1 is very good.
#### Editor of DOS files
The first one is edit that comes with DOS
The second one is Notepad. I like to use Notepad to edit. It's easy to use
The third one is using commands in cmd. The steps are as follows:
1) copy con d:\my.txt Note: con is the console. Actually, you can just understand it as the cmd screen. This is to create the file my.txt on drive D.
2) Press Enter. At this time, the cursor will remind you to enter content.
3) After entering the content you want to input, press F6. In this way, you have created the file my.txt on drive D. At this time, you can see the file on drive D.
######Read a tutorial---Hongen Online
The first one: The DOS tutorial of Hongen Online. Its clear language, simple example explanations, and comprehensive description of classical DOS. If a tutorial is full of dozens of lines of programs, you will be dizzy. But this tutorial of Hongen Online has no such grand programs. There are only some very simple examples, which are very suitable for beginners of DOS. If you read while doing it. You must gain a lot. The address:
http://www.hongen.com/pc/newer/os/dos/dos0101.htm
The second one: Find DOS 7.1, or Win98, or autoexec.bat, config.sys in the one-key restoration to open and see how it is written.
#####Expand your own experiment and progress in the experiment
Put forward your own experimental topics, such as
Topic: Install WinXP on the virtual machine first. Then try to create a DOS system to realize dual-boot.
You can download a one-key restoration to have a look and see how others do it. When you complete this topic, you will find that you are no longer the original you.
######Review and know new things
DOS commands need to be used frequently to be familiar with them. You must also learn to use "/?". Because for DOS commands, you can't remember each one accurately. Only this "/?" is your most reliable friend.
In addition, make good use of the Help and Support Center on your own computer. This center is on your Start menu. That's Microsoft's explanation, which is authoritative. If you study DOS and haven't been to the Help Center on your own computer, you won't learn DOS.
Finally, you should understand that the 16-bit DOS system has been in history. After all, it represents a glorious era. Friends who like computers must not know nothing about the knowledge of that era. Learning classical DOS today can be used to complete ghost backup and restore the system. Can be used to partition the disk, format the disk, adjust the partition size of the disk, can enter DOS to kill viruses, and can do many, many things. Learning classical DOS can also better understand cmd under WinXP. So we should have a desire to inherit the essence of classical DOS and develop simulated DOS, and work hard to learn classical and modern DOS well.
Time is a long river. Although we have entered the WinXP era, there are still many things that are still inseparable from classical and modern DOS.
Let's roam in this long river of time and appreciate the beauty of DOS in the interweaving of classical and modern!
Revision: 2009-2-15 zunyi by zwd
Note: Microsoft's virtual machine requires that the memory of your PC is not less than 512M. Otherwise, it will be very difficult to run. Microsoft's official download address:
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=04d26402-3199-48a3-afa2-2dc0b40a73b6&DisplayLang=en
In fact, this address is from the Start menu on your own computer---Window Catalog---Download (including the English version)---Enter virtual machine to find this address.
If you want to learn network DOS, then the virtual machine is indispensable. For example, if you want to practice sending messages with net send, you really can't practice without a network. That is to say, the virtual machine can form a network on the local computer, and then you can learn network DOS commands on the local computer.
The tools mentioned in the article are actually all in the winpe folder in your system installation disk.
Supplement: ***********************************
::.--.-.::
:( ( )::::: The sun rises in the east and rains in the west
(_, \ ) ,_):: It is said to be without sunshine but actually has feelings |
:::-'--`--:::::::: ~~| , \ _ /
::::::::::::::::::: ,|`-._/| -== (_) ==-
::::::::^^::::::::.' | /||\ / \
::::::^^::::::::.' | ./ ||`\ |
:::::::::::::::/ `-. |/._ || \
::::::::::::::| || || \
~~=~_~^~ =~ \~~~~~~~'~~~~'~~~~/~~`` ~=~^~
~^^~~-=~^~ ^ `--------------'~^~=~^~_~^=~^~
Welcome friends. Post the good articles and good addresses you see behind. Thank you! 2009-2-22
Last edited by 5yue5 on 2009-2-22 at 12:20 ]
