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MIPS 指令集(共31条）
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2011-08-30 10:06 38334人阅读 评论(1) 收藏 举报
分类： MIPS（3）
MIPS 指令集(共31条）
MIPS 指令集(共31条）
助记符
指令格式
示例
示例含义
操作及其解释
Bit #
31..26
25..21
20..16
15..11
10..6
5..0
R-type
op
rs
rt
rd
shamt
func
add
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100000
add $1,$2,$3
$1=$2+$3
rd <- rs + rt ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1
addu
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100001
addu $1,$2,$3
$1=$2+$3
rd <- rs + rt ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1,无符号数
sub
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100010
sub $1,$2,$3
$1=$2-$3
rd <- rs - rt ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1
subu
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100011
subu $1,$2,$3
$1=$2-$3
rd <- rs - rt ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1,无符号数
and
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100100
and $1,$2,$3
$1=$2 & $3
rd <- rs & rt ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1
or
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100101
or $1,$2,$3
$1=$2 | $3
rd <- rs | rt ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1
xor
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100110
xor $1,$2,$3
$1=$2 ^ $3
rd <- rs xor rt ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1(异或）
nor
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100111
nor $1,$2,$3
$1=~($2 | $3)
rd <- not(rs | rt) ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1(或非）
slt
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
101010
slt $1,$2,$3
if($2<$3)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs < rt) rd=1 else rd=0 ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1
sltu
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
101011
sltu $1,$2,$3
if($2<$3)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs < rt) rd=1 else rd=0 ；其中rs＝$2，rt=$3, rd=$1
(无符号数）
sll
000000
00000
rt
rd
shamt
000000
sll $1,$2,10
$1=$2<<10
rd <- rt << shamt ；shamt存放移位的位数，
也就是指令中的立即数，其中rt=$2, rd=$1
srl
000000
00000
rt
rd
shamt
000010
srl $1,$2,10
$1=$2>>10
rd <- rt >> shamt ；(logical) ，其中rt=$2, rd=$1
sra
000000
00000
rt
rd
shamt
000011
sra $1,$2,10
$1=$2>>10
rd <- rt >> shamt ；(arithmetic) 注意符号位保留
其中rt=$2, rd=$1
sllv
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
000100
sllv $1,$2,$3
$1=$2<<$3
rd <- rt << rs ；其中rs＝$3，rt=$2, rd=$1
srlv
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
000110
srlv $1,$2,$3
$1=$2>>$3
rd <- rt >> rs ；(logical)其中rs＝$3，rt=$2, rd=$1
srav
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
000111
srav $1,$2,$3
$1=$2>>$3
rd <- rt >> rs ；(arithmetic) 注意符号位保留
其中rs＝$3，rt=$2, rd=$1
jr
000000
rs
00000
00000
00000
001000
jr $31
goto $31
PC <- rs
I-type
op
rs
rt
immediate
addi
001000
rs
rt
immediate
addi $1,$2,100
$1=$2+100
rt <- rs + (sign-extend)immediate ；其中rt=$1,rs=$2
addiu
001001
rs
rt
immediate
addiu $1,$2,100
$1=$2+100
rt <- rs + (zero-extend)immediate ；其中rt=$1,rs=$2
andi
001100
rs
rt
immediate
andi $1,$2,10
$1=$2 & 10
rt <- rs & (zero-extend)immediate ；其中rt=$1,rs=$2
ori
001101
rs
rt
immediate
andi $1,$2,10
$1=$2 | 10
rt <- rs | (zero-extend)immediate ；其中rt=$1,rs=$2
xori
001110
rs
rt
immediate
andi $1,$2,10
$1=$2 ^ 10
rt <- rs xor (zero-extend)immediate ；其中rt=$1,rs=$2
lui
001111
00000
rt
immediate
lui $1,100
$1=100*65536
rt <- immediate*65536 ；将16位立即数放到目标寄存器高16
位，目标寄存器的低16位填0
lw
100011
rs
rt
immediate
lw $1,10($2)
$1=memory
rt <- memory ；rt=$1,rs=$2
sw
101011
rs
rt
immediate
sw $1,10($2)
memory
=$1
memory <- rt ；rt=$1,rs=$2
beq
000100
rs
rt
immediate
beq $1,$2,10
if($1==$2)
goto PC+4+40
if (rs == rt) PC <- PC+4 + (sign-extend)immediate<<2
bne
000101
rs
rt
immediate
bne $1,$2,10
if($1!=$2)
goto PC+4+40
if (rs != rt) PC <- PC+4 + (sign-extend)immediate<<2
slti
001010
rs
rt
immediate
slti $1,$2,10
if($2<10)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs <(sign-extend)immediate) rt=1 else rt=0 ；
其中rs＝$2，rt=$1
sltiu
001011
rs
rt
immediate
sltiu $1,$2,10
if($2<10)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs <(zero-extend)immediate) rt=1 else rt=0 ；
其中rs＝$2，rt=$1
J-type
op
address
j
000010
address
j 10000
goto 10000
PC <- (PC+4),address,0,0 ；address=10000/4
jal
000011
address
jal 10000
$31<-PC+4;
goto 10000
$31<-PC+4；PC <- (PC+4),address,0,0
；address=10000/4
注意：因为MIPS16只有16个16位的寄存器，所以JAL指令中$31改成$15, 所有立即数均无需扩展，LUI指令直接就是将立即数付给RT寄存器。
Last edited by zzz19760225 on 2017-6-14 at 01:43 ]
MIPS Instruction Set (Total 31 Instructions)
Tags: Extension
2011-08-30 10:06 38334 views Comment(1) Favorite Report
Category: MIPS (3)
MIPS Instruction Set (Total 31 Instructions)
MIPS Instruction Set (Total 31 Instructions)
Mnemonics
Instruction Format
Example
Example Meaning
Operation and Explanation
Bit #
31..26
25..21
20..16
15..11
10..6
5..0
R-type
op
rs
rt
rd
shamt
func
add
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100000
add $1,$2,$3
$1=$2+$3
rd <- rs + rt ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1
addu
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100001
addu $1,$2,$3
$1=$2+$3
rd <- rs + rt ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1, unsigned number
sub
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100010
sub $1,$2,$3
$1=$2-$3
rd <- rs - rt ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1
subu
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100011
subu $1,$2,$3
$1=$2-$3
rd <- rs - rt ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1, unsigned number
and
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100100
and $1,$2,$3
$1=$2 & $3
rd <- rs & rt ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1
or
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100101
or $1,$2,$3
$1=$2 | $3
rd <- rs | rt ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1
xor
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100110
xor $1,$2,$3
$1=$2 ^ $3
rd <- rs xor rt ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1 (XOR)
nor
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
100111
nor $1,$2,$3
$1=~($2 | $3)
rd <- not(rs | rt) ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1 (NOR)
slt
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
101010
slt $1,$2,$3
if($2<$3)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs < rt) rd=1 else rd=0 ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1
sltu
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
101011
sltu $1,$2,$3
if($2<$3)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs < rt) rd=1 else rd=0 ；where rs=$2, rt=$3, rd=$1
(unsigned number)
sll
000000
00000
rt
rd
shamt
000000
sll $1,$2,10
$1=$2<<10
rd <- rt << shamt ；shamt stores the number of shifts,
that is, the immediate in the instruction, where rt=$2, rd=$1
srl
000000
00000
rt
rd
shamt
000010
srl $1,$2,10
$1=$2>>10
rd <- rt >> shamt ；(logical) , where rt=$2, rd=$1
sra
000000
00000
rt
rd
shamt
000011
sra $1,$2,10
$1=$2>>10
rd <- rt >> shamt ；(arithmetic) Note that the sign bit is retained
where rt=$2, rd=$1
sllv
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
000100
sllv $1,$2,$3
$1=$2<<$3
rd <- rt << rs ；where rs=$3, rt=$2, rd=$1
srlv
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
000110
srlv $1,$2,$3
$1=$2>>$3
rd <- rt >> rs ；(logical) where rs=$3, rt=$2, rd=$1
srav
000000
rs
rt
rd
00000
000111
srav $1,$2,$3
$1=$2>>$3
rd <- rt >> rs ；(arithmetic) Note that the sign bit is retained
where rs=$3, rt=$2, rd=$1
jr
000000
rs
00000
00000
00000
001000
jr $31
goto $31
PC <- rs
I-type
op
rs
rt
immediate
addi
001000
rs
rt
immediate
addi $1,$2,100
$1=$2+100
rt <- rs + (sign-extend)immediate ；where rt=$1, rs=$2
addiu
001001
rs
rt
immediate
addiu $1,$2,100
$1=$2+100
rt <- rs + (zero-extend)immediate ；where rt=$1, rs=$2
andi
001100
rs
rt
immediate
andi $1,$2,10
$1=$2 & 10
rt <- rs & (zero-extend)immediate ；where rt=$1, rs=$2
ori
001101
rs
rt
immediate
andi $1,$2,10
$1=$2 | 10
rt <- rs | (zero-extend)immediate ；where rt=$1, rs=$2
xori
001110
rs
rt
immediate
andi $1,$2,10
$1=$2 ^ 10
rt <- rs xor (zero-extend)immediate ；where rt=$1, rs=$2
lui
001111
00000
rt
immediate
lui $1,100
$1=100*65536
rt <- immediate*65536 ；Put the 16-bit immediate in the high 16 bits of the destination register
The low 16 bits of the destination register are filled with 0
lw
100011
rs
rt
immediate
lw $1,10($2)
$1=memory
rt <- memory ；rt=$1, rs=$2
sw
101011
rs
rt
immediate
sw $1,10($2)
memory
=$1
memory <- rt ；rt=$1, rs=$2
beq
000100
rs
rt
immediate
beq $1,$2,10
if($1==$2)
goto PC+4+40
if (rs == rt) PC <- PC+4 + (sign-extend)immediate<<2
bne
000101
rs
rt
immediate
bne $1,$2,10
if($1!=$2)
goto PC+4+40
if (rs != rt) PC <- PC+4 + (sign-extend)immediate<<2
slti
001010
rs
rt
immediate
slti $1,$2,10
if($2<10)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs <(sign-extend)immediate) rt=1 else rt=0 ；
where rs=$2, rt=$1
sltiu
001011
rs
rt
immediate
sltiu $1,$2,10
if($2<10)
$1=1 else
$1=0
if (rs <(zero-extend)immediate) rt=1 else rt=0 ；
where rs=$2, rt=$1
J-type
op
address
j
000010
address
j 10000
goto 10000
PC <- (PC+4),address,0,0 ；address=10000/4
jal
000011
address
jal 10000
$31<-PC+4;
goto 10000
$31<-PC+4；PC <- (PC+4),address,0,0
；address=10000/4
Note: Since MIPS16 has only 16 16-bit registers, the $31 in the JAL instruction is changed to $15, and all immediates do not need to be extended. The LUI instruction directly assigns the immediate to the RT register.
Last edited by zzz19760225 on 2017-6-14 at 01:43 ]
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