China DOS Union

Title: For Newbies, 2000 Experience Part One (recovery, first half)


Sigh, two weeks ago, the system crashed. After reinstalling the system, I've been reading articles about 2000,
and summed up some experience; hope it can help newbies.
btw, I took a rough look at the digest section, some of this is duplicated, but that doesn't matter.

recovery of win2000
1: Start Windows 2000 using "Last Known Good Configuration"
　　During the Windows2000 startup process, press "F8" to enter the startup selection menu.
　　Including:
　　Safe Mode
　　Safe Mode with Networking
　　Safe Mode with Command Prompt
　　Enable Boot Logging
　　Enable VGA Mode
　　Last Know Good Configuration
　　Directory Service Restore Mode (windows2000 domain controllers only)
　　Debugging Mode
　　Boot Normally
　　Safe Mode starts Windows2000 by loading only basic files and drivers (mouse—except serial mouse, monitor, keyboard,
mass storage, basic video, default system services, and no network connection), thereby achieving
the purpose of system recovery.
　　The Last Know Good Configuration option! By choosing this option,
the system can automatically restore various information under the registry HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet
to the settings from the last time Windows2000 was entered normally. This better solves
system crashes caused by newly added drivers not matching the hardware, etc.,
intelligently achieving safe recovery for Windows2000.
　　Safe Mode with Networking loads the network
files on the basis of "Safe Mode".
　　Safe Mode with Command Prompt starts with "Safe Mode"
and then goes directly into the command prompt state.
Enable Boot Logging records to a file, while starting Windows 2000, all drivers and services loaded by the system (or
not loaded). This file (ntbtlog.txt) is located in the \winnt\di
rectory. When using safe mode, network safe mode, and safe mode with command prompt, a list of all loaded
drivers and services is added to the boot log. The boot log is very
useful for determining the exact cause of system startup problems.
　　Enable VGA Mode starts Windows 2000 using the basic VGA driver. When a
display card driver has been installed that prevents Windows 2000 from starting normally, this mode is very useful. When you start
Windows 2000 in safe mode (safe mode, network safe mode, or safe mode with command prompt),
the basic video driver is always used.
　　Directory Service Restore Mode is a startup option for the Server edition
.
　　Debugging Mode starts Windows 2000 and at the same time sends debugging information through a serial cable to
another computer.

2: Repair it
　　During the Windows2000 installation process there is a selection menu: "Install new Windows2000" or "Repair Wi
ndows2000". You can use it to carry out automatic repair of Windows2000. Run the installation CD and choose to reinstall
Windows2000; the system will restart automatically (entering the blue-screen DOS environment). The system will ask whether you want to
"Install new Windows2000" or "Repair Windows2000". Of course, choose repair. Next,
there are two more options, "Run Recovery Console" or "Run Emergency Repair". The so-called "Recovery Console"
actually just drops back to the prompt state and lets you repair it yourself. So if you're not an
expert, you'd better choose automatic repair! Then the
system will ask: "repair from floppy drive" or "repair from CD-ROM drive". If you didn't make the 4 system floppies, then you can only
choose repair from the CD-ROM drive. The following menu asks whether you want "Fast Repair" or "Manual Repair". You can first try
fast repair; if the repair fails, it's not too late to choose manual repair. After that, all the
remaining work is completed by Windows200
0 itself.

3: Reinstall Windows2000
　　Back up the Documents and Settings folder on the system drive under dos, and after reinstalling, copy it back under dos. Even
if you reinstall Windows2000, you still won't lose your previous settings. Your desktop, Start menu, Favorites, inc
luding your cookies, can all be recovered.

4: Ghost restore (if you have a large hard disk and have backed up the system)

Sigh, I used the third method.

tools for 2000
1. Accessories and Tools
Open the inf folder under the Win2000 installation directory, find the sysoc.ini file, open it with Notepad, then open Ed
it -> Replace. In "Find what", enter: ,hide (an English comma immediately followed by the word hide),
leave "Replace with" blank, then choose Replace All. Save and exit, and you will find
that the size of sysoc.ini changes from 4K to 3K;
　　Now open Control Panel -> Add/Remove Programs -> Add/Remove Win Components, and there will be one more item in the contents: "Accessories and
Tools"; in other words, now you can control the addition and removal of the accessories that come with 2000
(notepad, etc.).
2. Internal encoding conversion tool
Everyone remembers that when using Win 95/98, to view Traditional Chinese documents, you had to install third-
party multi-encoding support software like RichWin, but Win 2000 Professional has already greatly changed the situation. The Chinese Simplified edition of Win 2000 Pr
ofessional has enhanced support for Traditional Chinese (Big5). It provides a Chinese internal encoding conversion tool--
the Chinese code converter. Open the code conversion tool in "Programs/Accessories",
and you can see it. This code converter can quickly convert files between Simplified and Traditional,
can also convert between half-width and full-width, and supports input from files and the clipboad.
3.Dr.Watson
Dr.Watson(drwtsn32.exe) is a crash analysis tool for Windows 2000. It will automatically pop up when an application
crashes, and by default, it saves the memory related to the error as a DUMP file (the scene)
for programmers to analyze. However, for us newbies, recording a DUMP file is not only useless,
it also has at least two huge drawbacks:
　　a. When the crash happens, a dialog box will pop up telling you that the application has encountered an error,
will be closed, and is DUMPing the memory image. At this time,
there is usually massive disk activity, and it takes a long time before the program closes. This is because Dr.
Watson is making the memory DUMP.
　　b. It takes up a large amount of disk space.
　　Actually, solving these two problems is very simple. For the first problem: enter drwtsn32 in
Start / Run. After running it, a dialog box will appear. Remove all check marks except the item Visual Notification. This way,
the next time a program crashes, the dialog box will still appear, but there will no longer be heavy disk activity,
and the crashed program will close quickly.
　　For the second problem: in the drwtsn32 dialog box mentioned above, note the path of the Crash Dump item at the top,
generally \Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\DrWatson\user.dmp. Delete it,
and you'll save dozens of MB of space.

4. Command-line tools
a.System File Checker
Run SFC.exe at the command line. Its general parameters are as follows:
　　/SCANNOW: immediately scan all protected system files
　　/SCANONCE: scan all protected system files once
　　/SCANBOOT: scan all protected system files at every startup
　　/CANCEL: cancel all pending scans of protected system files
　　/QUIET: replace all incorrect file versions without prompting the user
　　/ENABLE: enable Windows File Protection for normal operation
　　/PURGECACHE: clear the file cache and immediately scan all protected system files
　　/CACHESIZE=X: set the file cache size
b.chkdsk checks the disk and displays a status report.
volume Specifies the drive (followed by a colon), mount point, or volume name.
filename FAT only: specifies the file to check for fragmentation.
/F Fixes errors on the disk.
/V On FAT/FAT32: Displays the full path and name of every file on the disk.
On NTFS: Displays cleanup messages if any.
/R Locates bad sectors and recovers readable information (implies /F).
/L:size NTFS only: changes the log file size to the specified number of KB. If no
size is specified, displays the current size.
/X Forces the volume to dismount first if necessary. All opened handles to the volume
would then be invalid (implies /F).
/I NTFS only: Performs a less vigorous check of index entries.
/C NTFS only: Skips checking cycles within the folder structure.
/I and /C command options skip certain checks of the volume, reducing the time required to run Chkdsk.
5.Windows 2000 Support Tools
　　In the installation CD's \Support\Tools directory. It can help with errors in Event Viewer and provide correc
tion suggestions.
a.Active Directory Administration Tool,Active Directory Replication Monito
r,ADSI Edit, three small programs
make Active Directory easier to use.
b.Application Compatibility Tool checks program compatibility with the system.
c.Dependency Walker looks for the dlls a program depends on.
d.Windiff compares differences between files and directories.
e.DiskProbe,Global Flags Editor,Process Viewer, Security Administration To
ols,SNMP Query Utility, and several other small programs are also quite good.
6.ntbackup.exe backup
The backup tool in Win2000 is very powerful. Not only does the program provide backup functionality for hard disk files,
it also provides whole-system backup and system state data backup. These two functions
are backup operations aimed at the Win2000 system itself, and can effectively restore Win2000 without having to reinstall it regularly.
　　Another important function provided by the backup tool in Win2000 is the creation of a system "Emergency Repair Disk".
This is not for creating a system boot disk; what is saved on this emergency repair disk is information
about system files and system settings, and it does not contain any backup files or programs. Using it,
you can repair and restart a damaged Win2000.
7.diskmgmt.msc Disk Management
Through this tool you can effectively manage the local hard disk or hard disk partitions. All the functions provided by this tool
are aimed at hard disks, including formatting hard disks or hard disk partitions, deleting specified logical
drives, restoring the basic disk configuration, viewing disk properties, browsing a specified disk,
changing the drive letter of a specified drive, etc. Since the system concentrates all these functions
into this tool, it is very convenient to use it to manage disks.

1.magicset/windows Optimization Master
Many system settings can be changed through these two tools, much more easily than modifying the registry manually.
2.System files for a 98/2000 dual-boot setup
BOOT.INI，MSDOS.SYS，IO.SYS，COMMAND.COM，BOOTSECT.DOS，NTDETECT.COM，NTLD
R，BOOTFONT.BIN (if you have the Chinese edition; the English edition doesn't need it). Among the files above, BOOT.INI is the
boot selection menu; MSDOS.SYS, IO.SYS, and COMMAND.COM are win98 system files; BOOTSECT.DOS
is the configuration file used by win2000 to boot win98 (it is indispensable, otherwise win98 cannot boot); NTDETECT.COM,
NTLDR are win2000 system files; BOOTFONT.BIN is the font file for the boot selection menu.
3.Boot disk
Run Bootdisk\Makeboot.exe from the installation CD
4.Automatic shutdown
Under the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control\PanelDesktop branch, set the key value of AutoEndTasks to 1.
5.Add login information
　　Before the Windows 2000 login window appears, you can pop up a window
containing information you enter yourself. The method is: go to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion
\Winlogon subkey, then on the right side of the window find the two values "LegalNoticeCaption" and "LegalNoticeText"
. If they are not there, you can add these two values. Then enter your own
information into these two values respectively.
6.Slimming down
a.Streamline the system driver package
　　When the user has a PNP plug-in or a new device added, Win2000 first checks whether there is a corresponding device driver
in the Driver.cab archive under the \WINNT\Driver Cache\i
386 directory. This device driver ca
che feature saves users the trouble of frequently inserting the Win2000 installation CD. If you hardly ever change hardware
and all the hardware has already been configured properly and
has been running stably for a period of time, you can safely delete this file.
This can save 50 MB of hard disk space.
b.Minimize the system file Cache area
　　Under the compressed directory \WINNT\System32\DllCache is the cache area for the system core dy
namically loaded files required by Win2000. Its purpose is to maintain damaged system files and restore incompatible files that have been overwritten. Under normal
circumstances, it is not recommended to streamline this directory. The method for reducing the size of this buffer area is:
run the command S
fc.exe/Purgecache at the DOS prompt.
c.Clear temporary files
\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Local Settings\Temp
\WINNT\TEMP
ctrl+a,delete
d.unistall all software you don't need.