『第 222 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
dos与linux近年发展的比较
Linux诞生于20世纪的90年代初，于90年代末开始出名并在许多人中开始了实际使用。著名的“开放源代码”运动更是使新的Linux程序不断出现，使Linux得到了进一步的发展，尤其是在服务器领域得到了较大的应用.
不少人认为DOS已经过时，或者以为没有人为它开发新的软件了。这显然是对DOS发展的不了解。其实，“开放源代码运动”是程序员们向非Windows的公开自身源代码的操作系统（包括DOS和Linux等）设计新的公开自身代码的软件的运动，所以，在这场运动中，DOS和Linux的新软件都在不断大量出现，而且质量很高，而且发展团体都在不断地壮大。可是，和国外相比，国内的新DOS软件推广远没有国外那么积极，而国内的Linux软件的推广似乎比国外要积极得多。很多人所说的DOS时代已经过去，正确的说法应该是旧的DOS时代已经过去，而在现在新的DOS时代，不仅有着原来大批忠实的爱好者不断地为DOS编写新的实用的程序，而且和现在的Linux一起随着“开放源代码”等运动继续发展着。
和Linux相比，DOS不管是在软件数量，用户基础和功能上都并不逊色，Linux拥有的功能DOS几乎都有（当然是加上近几年来推出的软件后相比），而且DOS还有许多Linux没有的功能。DOS和Linux都是开放的，大家可以自由开发它们的软件。DOS软件的数量相当庞大，少说也有几十万个（比如DOS病毒就有4万多种），远远超过了Linux软件的数目。随着Linux的发展和它的爱好者的支持，Windows的地位受到了挑战，但其实Linux只是用在高端服务器上比较合适，而不是用在台式机上。相反，DOS是最适合于个人用户的，不仅要求低，实用性强，而且它的总体功能并不比Linux差。如果从体积上比较，那Linux真是大得吓人，比如一份Red Hat Linux的安装盘就有四张光盘（当然，其中包括了一些驱动和应用程序）。所以DOS近几年来的发展落后于Linux主要是在于没有足够的宣传。所以，如果大家认识到这一点，情形自然会大有改观。现在很多人将DOS作为Windows的附属品和学习收藏所用，而不像将Linux作为实际使用那样实际使用DOS。由于大家的这种心态，使许多人也不愿意开发新的DOS软件，使本应处于积极发展时代的DOS反而显得越来越落后。这是多么可惜啊！
关于如何写出这些感想，笔者曾有颇多思虑，最终决定以古龙的武侠名著《七种武器》中武器名称结合DOS的应用这样的形式逐一来说明，以完成终极DOS任务.
长生剑——新型DOS系统
关于DOS“死刑”的判决书主要有以下几点：不支持长文件名与USB设备、网络能力差、不支持NTFS等等，更要命的是它操作不方便，需记住相当多的命令，使大多数普通用户不敢也不会操作电脑。
只有不断地进取才能获得用户的支持！目前新型的DOS依然是层出不穷，功能强劲。如ROM-DOS、DR-DOS、FreeDOS等，它们大都支持FAT32格式、长文件名，并有一定的网络处理能力，尤其FreeDOS是一个免费系统，目前由世界上许多程序员共同开发，就如Linux一样，相信它将会获得较大的发展。所以，DOS其实并没有死亡，相反在许多方面取得了长足的进步。而新型的DOS系统也一定会在不断前进中进一步扩大生存的空间，得到用户的认可的。
孔雀翎——长文件名的支持
Windows 95推出之后，DOS不支持长文件名的“恶名”也随之产生，因为DOS只支持8.3格式，如果用DOS来查阅Windows的长文件名的话，只能看到类似 program~1.exe的样子，让人感觉不知所云。经过无数程序员的努力后，现在的DOS已完全支持长文件名了，甚至是被微软放弃多年的MS-DOS也照样可以支持，无尾的孔雀终于开屏了！实现的方法主要有以下三种：
1. 新型DOS系统完美支持，如前所述的ROM-DOS等系统，本身已完善对长文件名的支持了；
2. 全新的支持长文件名的DOS命令，比如：Odi''''s LFN tools软件包，它包含有LDIR、LCD、LCOPY、LREN等命令，并支持FAT32等格式，使用它们就如使用外部命令一样，是我们DOS工具箱中必备的工具；
3. 外挂驱动程序方式，最稳定的当数DOSLFN了，它的使用也相当简单，只需在提示符后输入DOSLFN即可；
三种方法中，个人认为第1种多少与MS-DOS有兼容方面的问题，并不适合在Windows中使用，以免引起不必要的问题；第2种方法只能算是“制标不制本”的方法，但也更方便更容易操作；第3种方法是本人所推荐的，它从根本上解决了任何DOS长文件名的缺陷，而且与Windows全面兼容，使它在处理Windows故障时也不会发生任何错误，唯一不足的它是会占用少量的内存。
碧玉刀——USB设备的支持
许多人甚至从事电脑工作的朋友都认为：DOS是无法支持USB设备的！USB是一种接口标准，无法支持USB无疑也是许多人放弃DOS的原因，但笔者经过多次测试后，终于可以对大家说：DOS绝对可以支持一些USB设备，而且操作很方便！因为现在有了DUSE 4.4版这把“碧玉刀”！现在笔者就在MS-DOS下以该软件驱动爱国者存储王USB硬盘为例，说明一下它的使用方法：
>DUSELDR DUSE.EXE VERBOSE DRIVES=2 XFER=8 SEC=2048 NOCD?
（也可以将DUSE.EXE作为设备放在CONFIG.SYS的DEVICE项中使用）
需要注意的是DUSE的参数比较多且设置可能较复杂，一旦设置不对，就有可能无法使用USB设备了，对USB硬盘而言，最重要的是SEC值的设定。具体可见“DOS文章”栏目中的专文。
当然，不可否认的是并不是所有的USB设备在DOS就可以好好地工作，有些USB接口的设备就可能无法使用，毕竟DOS下的设备驱动与应用程序的开发还有相当的难度或问题，还要广大的程序员继续完善。
多情环——完善的网络管理能力
网络已成为人类主要的感情联络方式了，更是IT界最重要的主攻方向之一，而早期的DOS时代就已造就了一个曾经的网络巨人：NOVELL！也即是说DOS其实也有完美的网络管理能力，只是在MS-DOS中进行了“屏闭”，微软将眼光放在了全面支持网络的NT系列。在网络管理工作中，经常要碰到了这样那样的问题，如何让DOS来处理呢？主要有以下两者方法：
1） DOS对等网：关于这个方法，笔者喜欢用Netware Lite 1.1这个软件，它是Novell公司推出的一个相当好用的DOS对等网工具，由于篇幅关系，笔者不作详细说明，需注意的是安装时最好选客户机与服务器方式，在使用时最好能了解NOVELL网络NET命令的使用，否则会束手无策的；
2） DOS工作站登录服务器：该方法需要两个软件的支持才行：Microsoft Network Client v3.0 for DOS（MSClient）和MetaFrame的客户端软件ICADOS32，MSClient的功能是连接与共享服务器的资源，而ICADOS32则起到登录服务器的作用。
利用这两种方法，我们都可以方便地实现DOS对网络的管理，利用这些方法笔者不用GHOST的多播方式也实现了远程克隆，有兴趣的不妨一试。
离别钩——NTFS融入DOS怀抱
现在微软力推NT核心构筑的Win2000与XP系列，NT系列拥有一个全新的NTFS磁盘格式，它更安全、可靠、稳定，但DOS、Win9X系列无法读取，也就是说在DOS或Win9X中根本看不到用NTFS格式化的分区，更逞论操作与使用了。这样做的目的当然会使NT系列更安全一些，但却让我们在NT系列崩溃、无法启动时束手无策……毕竟现在许多人开始使用Windows XP操作系统了，不过，现在好了，有了NTFS for DOS专业版我们就可以在DOS下操作NTFS格式的文件了，如果NT系列出问题时它提供了一个很好的解决办法。
NTFS for DOS使用相当方便，只要在DOS提示符后输入>ntfspro 回车即可。只是注意它的版本分只读（免费）与可读写（商业软件）版，下载后（可在本站的“驱动程序”中下载它的可读写版），将它安装到硬盘中时，还必须将NT系统下的c_1252.nls， c_437.nls，l_intl.nls， ntoskrl.exe，autochk.exe，ntdll.dll，ntfs.sys这7个文件（共3.2M）复制到某个文件夹中（如果没有的话），且执行行要加参加/P<directory>，最方便的方法是将它们与NTFS for DOS放在一个文件夹中。另外，在ntfspro后输入/？参数可以了解它的一些参数，比如/L<letter>可以自定义NT系统盘符。
这是个相当容易使用的软件，但功能强大的它为DOS、Win9x与NT系列搭起了一座桥，让阔别多时的NT重新回到DOS的怀抱中，也为我们处理NT系统故障提供了一个最直接又方便的方法。
霸王枪——内存管理
DOS通常只能利用640K的基本内存，这也是许多人的看法，当然，DOS由于历史的原因对内存的支持不是很好是事实，好在现在有了QEMM与UMBPCI这两枝“霸王枪”，这两个软件都能取代EMM386.EXE，让DOS充分利用上位内存，以节省本来就少得可怜的基本内存。笔者更推荐使用QEMM，这个软件笔者用了近十年了，发现它的兼容性相当完美，而空出的基本内存可高达630K，更重要的是它会自动进行配置，让用户不用自己动手就可以获得更多的可用内存，而且随着它不断的版本更新，使它与汉字系统相处也相当“融洽”；而UMBPCI相对于QEMM而言会更新一些，功能也略强一些，只是在某些主板上可能有些兼容性问题，但它很小巧，适宜放在启动盘上使用。
拳头——磁盘与文件管理
磁盘与文件的使用是我们平时碰到最多的工作，而磁盘管理方面是DOS的强项，功能比Windows系列强大得多，如分区表、引导区的处理等，操作起来相当方便。当然，DOS本身的FDISK与Format命令功能有限，速度也慢。笔者强烈推荐SPFDISK这个软件，只有100多K，却是分区、快速格式化、多系统管理的极佳工具，它可识别多种格式的分区，如NTFS、ext2等，最重要的是可以在一个硬盘上建立多个系统，相互间没有任何影响，实现了多C盘技术，笔者80G的硬盘中用它安装了Win98SE、Win2000 Server、WinXP、RedHat Linux等几个操作系统，而且软件界面是全中文（繁体）的，笔者认为它比其它的分区与多系统软件强大得多了，也是笔者现在唯一保留的分区工具。
在文件管理方面，首推VC（Volkov Commander）这个软件，目前在网上流传的是4.99免费版，它支持长文件名，双窗口操作，界面与曾经很有名的Norton Commander相似，但功能已完全超越了后者；另外一个是DOS Navigator 2.7版，这也是个免费的版本，功能与VC不相上下。有了这些文件管理“拳头”工具，DOS用起来也就会方便、容易多了。
通过上面的介绍，我想大家会用新的眼光来看待DOS了吧，DOS尽管已然被大多数人弃用，但在实际应用中，如网络管理、磁盘分区、系统崩溃的后处理等常见问题中DOS还发挥着强大的无可替代的作用！笔者经常在校园网管理中碰到电脑或网络系统出现的各种问题甚至完全崩溃的情形，如何方便快捷地解决这些故障呢，经过多次探索，打造出了一个超级DOS系统，给解决实际问题起到事半功倍的效果。该系统刻在笔者的拯救光盘上，现在笔者就将思路做一个简单的总结：
1） 用Format a:/s来建立Win98SE的启动盘（MS-DOS 7.10），并拷贝一些常用的工具和驱动程序，如smartdrv.exe、himem.sys、cdrom与鼠标驱动等；这些文件可用其它工具软件来替代，不过，我个人认为微软的这些文件兼容性方面做得较好一些；
2） 长文件名的支持：DOSLFN、LFNTOOLS；
3） USB硬盘的支持，当然的DUSE，还可以选一个USB_CD等；
4） NTFS的支持：NTFS for DOS以及相关文件；
5） 网络的支持：MSClient、ICADOS32、NWLite、IPXCOPY.EXE等；
6） 磁盘工具：SPFDISK、Partition Magic for DOS 8.0、NDD 2002等；
7） 文件工具：VC或者DN二者选一；
8） 其它软件：解压缩工具RAR、UNDISKP等；
其实DOS下还有许多很好的软件，功能与操作性并不一定比Windows的差，只是我觉得这个超级DOS系统的主要目的是用来作“善后”工作的，所以，装一些相关的工具就够了（以上软件均可在本站的“DOS软件”中下载）。
最后的话：DOS是一个小巧实用的操作系统，运行快捷、效率颇高，目前还有许许多多的程序员为它增加各种功能、完善它的性能、解决它的缺陷，我们在实际工作中好好利用它的话也能获得更好、更快的效果，所以，正确对待DOS就是要充分利用DOS来完成我们的工作，DOS可以胜任许多任务，关键在于用户如何应用它，正如武林高手也会有一件称心的兵器一样，希望大家好好地利用DOS这个花费不多的DOS兵器完成多种终极任务。
DOS是个非常实用的操作系统，因此，它深深受到国内外人们的普遍喜爱，一直拥有数以亿计的用户。但是，自从1995年以来，Microsoft公司出于商业利益等方面的原因，决定抛弃手中的MS-DOS。当时，DOS已有许多种，除MS-DOS以外，还有PC-DOS，DR-DOS，FreeDOS等，但是由于受到Microsoft公司的挤压，故使用的人数不多，而大多数用户都在使用MS-DOS。由于Microsoft彻底放弃了MS-DOS，而转以开发Windows，引起了广大DOS使用者和爱好者的不满。而且，大家通常所使用的Windows 9x也只是DOS下的一个大型程序罢了，如果没有DOS的支持，它根本无法运行。但也由此可见DOS的功能其实是非常强大的，以及DOS软件拥有巨大的开发潜能，因为像Windows那样强大的DOS增强程序都可以编出来。
Windows是一个多任务的操作环境，但它对程序编写的约束和限制比DOS高得多，因而许多程序员出于对Windows的不满及对DOS开发的价值和潜力的深刻认识，继续开发DOS软件。由于多年的经验的积累，他们的软件开发水平越来越高，因此他们开发出的DOS软件的质量也越来越高。为了开发更多的软件并且增加开发的效率，他们设计了一个又一个DOS软件的开发工具。而用这些开发工具的人也越来越多，并在国外迅速地流传开来，详情可见一篇叫作“DJGPP程序与保护模式”的文章（在“DOS文章”栏目中）。一个尤为重要的是，正如上文所提到，虽然MS-DOS已经不再继续发展了，但并不意味着整个DOS也不再继续发展了。MS-DOS的最高版本是8.0（包含在Windows ME中），随后Microsoft开始开发基于Windows NT构件的Windows，才成了真正独立的操作系统。除了MS-DOS以外，其它的DOS也在发展着。仍在不断发展和更新中的DOS有FreeDOS、PTS-DOS、ROM-DOS等，这些DOS的功能都十分强大，往往超过MS-DOS，而且FreeDOS还是完全免费且自由开放的。因此，程序员们完全可以为它们开发新的DOS软件，而不必依赖于MS-DOS。这大概是90年代末DOS的情况。
随后，一项叫作“开放源代码运动”的活动兴起了。很多程序员和使用者出于对Microsoft的Windows横行霸道的不满，离开了Windows阵营。取而代之的是兴起了对其它操作系统软件的开发，如DOS，Linux等。这一下，设计和开发DOS软件的人迅速增加，并纷纷组成了开发团体，以开发新的DOS和其它非Windows的操作系统的软件，详情可见一篇叫作“DOS和Linux近年来的发展比较”的文章。由于开发者的增多，原先的DOS软件开发器也开始了进一步的更新，而且支持FAT32和长文件名。再加上这次开发软件的有许多是程序员中的精英，所以开发出来的DOS软件的质量自然是今非昔比了。比如，由于Allegro等编程库的出现，在DOS下实现MP3等音乐的播放对他们来说已是轻而易举的了。以这些软件为代表的DOS软件和原来的DOS软件，如DOSAMP，GDS Viewer等的质量相比有着本质的提高。原来认为非常强大的SEA看图软件，现在也只是个一般强大的软件罢了。另一个很重要的变化在于对FAT32及长文件名的支持。现在流行的DJGPP程序已经实现了在LFN API存在的情况下对长文件名的完美支持。总之，这些新的DOS软件的整体水平的提高是很显著的。为了挑战Windows的界面，程序员们（经常是集体合作）开发了一个又一个仿Windows的界面增强程序，著名的有Seal,Qube,WinDOS等等。还有人开发出了内核为32位的DOS操作系统，如FreeDOS 32，事实证明，这些程序的编写水平是很高的。这些软件到目前为止都在不断地开发中，所取得的成绩是有目共睹的。而且它们最显著的特点就是自由开放的发展，如上面所提到的SEAL、FreeDOS 32等等都是遵守著名的GNU GPL协议的自由软件，可以在“DOS是自由的——FreeDOS简介”文章中看到更详细的信息。
与国外DOS软件方兴未已的开发劲头相比，国内DOS软件的开发是十分缓慢的，而且效率不高。国外甚至有人已开始设计自己的DOS，如PowerDOS等，而国内则没有这样的气氛。这当然很大程度上是由于大家对国外DOS的发展情况不了解有关，甚至产生了“DOS软件已过时了”这样的潜在想法，这固然是不对的。DOS是个有着很强的生命力且功能比较全面的操作系统，各方面的功能都能做到，而不是局限于某些方面（如磁盘管理等），大家可看“从DOS的磁盘管理功能所想到的...”这篇文章以看到更详细信息。而且即使是在国内，DOS仍然被广泛使用，无论是一些个人电脑上还是工业生产上（尤其是十分重要的嵌入式系统等）和许多其它操作中，而DOS爱好者则更多。因此，大家应该以DOS及其软件仍在不断更新和发展的角度去看待DOS。我和“起步”站长莫老师已达成共识，那就是要大力推广新的DOS软件，并将世界上DOS发展的最新情况告诉大家，以促进国内DOS的发展。同时，希望广大的国内DOS爱好者和使用者也来一起帮助DOS发展壮大吧!如果您会编程序或对DOS软件开发有兴趣的话，欢迎加入“DOS开发”中，以开发新的DOS软件（可在中国DOS联盟论坛“DOS开发”栏目中看到更详细信息）。
首先要澄清的一个事实是Microsoft并没有在1995以后停止对DOS的开发及应用，而是由前台转向到后台。以至一直到它的最新Windows Server 2003/.NET等等仍然有DOS的身影，正如我所说的是由前转后。
在1995年微软公司并非仅仅图取一时的商业利益而转向到Windows系列的开发，因为微软看到了以后，这里的以后主要是指当时的市场动态及自身在今后的发展问题等，这主要还是因为比尔盖茨本人，因为在他出道之前他常说我所想到的通常自己无法做到，但其它人却在我想到之后想到并做到了，这使得比尔盖茨在他的成长路程中不断的完善自己的这一思想，所以他有着非常敏锐的洞察力。而微软在长期的Windows系统开发中发现，将DOS完全的遗弃总是舍不得，特别是在技术方面，DOS虽然是相比Windows是不能正面对比的，但毕竟DOS有许多的优点是Windows系统所无法直接达到的，加上微软感觉到DOS+Windows是非常好的配合，它们之间的互补式存在使得Microsoft Windows功能更加完备，所以微软由便至终一直都在为DOS的发展做隐蔽性的开发合完善，说不定哪天微软一下发布一个MS-DOS XP也不是什么不可能的事情^o^。
当然，微软从某些方面来讲又想仍下DOS又有些舍不得，这也确确实实有些让人哭笑不得。
微软是由明着转为暗着开发完善它的DOS，而其它一些正规的厂商确一直在明着做。
但由于种种原因它们的产品由收费转为免费，由不开源转为开源。又有许多个人或组织虽然也相继开发了一段时间但是大家都认识到了一个共同的问题，那是就不走Windows的道路或类Windows的道路是行不通的，所以又都接二连三的做起模仿Windows或以其它方式使DOS具备了一些类Windows化的功能，但大家又发现了问题那就是不是单个人或单个集体所能达到所期望的DOS的完成度，于是许多组织和个人进行了一段时间的合并与分化。虽然这样有了一点的成效，但其所制作出的版本多数是在开发组的朋友或一些有兴之士中流传，而无法进行进一步的普通，于是新的问题又出现了，那就是广大计算机使用者们早已告别了曾经的DOS时代而基本上如数的进入了Windows时代，而今又是XP/.NET的普及时期，加之LINUX也达到了一定的峰高，没有多少用户会再对以前的那个DOS命令提示符状态产生兴趣，即便你的DOS系统是免费的，除个别针对专业性使用外还暂时维持着收费外其它几乎是全数免费并且开源从而不得不很不情愿或乐于情愿的打起了GNU GPL的旗号。虽然许多仁人志士乐于GNU GPL其中但其力量和当初的LINUX时期是无法比拟的，况且现在正是新老交替时期，对DOS了解的人及有较深造诣的人基本上是相继从事其它.......总的来说对DOS今后如何发展的问题应该是大家静下心来把问题看清、把路看长远等等等等，而不是一时的兴趣、心血来潮.......这样迟早是潮起潮落、心灰意冷.......简单直接的就是看看Microsoft是如何做的。DOS并没有离我们远去.
来源:网络
Comparison of the Recent Developments of DOS and Linux
Linux was born in the early 1990s of the 20th century, became famous in the late 1990s and began to be actually used by many people. The famous "open source" movement has led to the continuous emergence of new Linux programs, further promoting the development of Linux, especially in the server field.
Many people think that DOS is outdated or that no one is developing new software for it. This is obviously a lack of understanding of the development of DOS. In fact, the "open source movement" is a movement where programmers design new open-source software for non-Windows operating systems (including DOS and Linux, etc.) that open their own source codes. Therefore, in this movement, new software for both DOS and Linux is constantly emerging in large numbers, and the quality is very high, and the development communities are constantly growing. However, compared with foreign countries, the promotion of new DOS software in China is far less active than abroad, while the promotion of Linux software in China seems to be much more active than abroad. The so-called "DOS era has passed" by many people is actually the old DOS era has passed. In the new DOS era now, not only a large number of original loyal enthusiasts are constantly writing new practical programs for DOS, but also it continues to develop with Linux along with movements like "open source".
Compared with Linux, DOS is not inferior in terms of software quantity, user base and functions. DOS almost has all the functions that Linux has (of course, compared with the software launched in recent years), and DOS also has many functions that Linux does not have. Both DOS and Linux are open, and everyone can freely develop their software. The number of DOS software is quite large, at least hundreds of thousands (for example, there are more than 40,000 DOS viruses), far exceeding the number of Linux software. With the development of Linux and the support of its enthusiasts, the position of Windows has been challenged. But in fact, Linux is more suitable for high-end servers, not for desktops. On the contrary, DOS is most suitable for personal users. It not only has low requirements and strong practicality, but also its overall functions are not worse than Linux. If compared in terms of volume, Linux is really huge. For example, an installation disk of Red Hat Linux has four CDs (of course, it includes some drivers and applications). So the reason why DOS has lagged behind Linux in recent years is mainly due to insufficient publicity. So if everyone realizes this, the situation will naturally change greatly. Now many people use DOS as an accessory of Windows and for learning and collection, rather than using DOS actually like using Linux. Because of this mentality, many people are not willing to develop new DOS software, and DOS, which should be in an active development era,反而显得 more and more backward. What a pity!
Regarding how to write these thoughts, the author has thought a lot, and finally decided to use the names of weapons from Gu Long's martial arts masterpiece "Seven Weapons" combined with the application of DOS in such a form to explain one by one to complete the ultimate DOS task.
Everlasting Sword - New DOS System
The main points of the judgment of the "death sentence" of DOS are as follows: it does not support long file names and USB devices, has poor network capabilities, does not support NTFS, etc. What's more, it is inconvenient to operate, and a considerable number of commands need to be remembered, making most ordinary users afraid and unable to operate the computer.
Only by continuous progress can we gain the support of users! Currently, new types of DOS are emerging in an endless stream, with powerful functions. Such as ROM-DOS, DR-DOS, FreeDOS, etc. Most of them support FAT32 format, long file names, and have certain network processing capabilities. Especially FreeDOS is a free system, currently developed by many programmers around the world, just like Linux. It is believed that it will achieve greater development. So, DOS is not dead at all. On the contrary, it has made great progress in many aspects. And the new DOS system will definitely further expand its living space and be recognized by users in continuous progress.
Peacock Feather - Support for Long File Names
After the launch of Windows 95, the "infamy" that DOS does not support long file names also emerged, because DOS only supports the 8.3 format. If you use DOS to view the long file names of Windows, you can only see something like program~1.exe, which is confusing. After the efforts of countless programmers, now DOS fully supports long file names. Even MS-DOS, which has been abandoned by Microsoft for many years, can still support it. The tail-less peacock finally spreads its feathers! The main methods to achieve this are as follows:
1. New DOS systems perfectly support it. For example, the systems like ROM-DOS mentioned above already have perfect support for long file names;
2. Brand new DOS commands that support long file names. For example, the Odi's LFN tools software package, which contains commands like LDIR, LCD, LCOPY, LREN, etc., and supports FAT32 and other formats. Using them is like using external commands, which are essential tools in our DOS toolbox;
3. External driver program method. The most stable one is DOSLFN, which is also very simple to use. Just enter DOSLFN after the prompt;
Among the three methods, personally, I think the first one has some compatibility problems with MS-DOS and is not suitable for use in Windows to avoid unnecessary problems; the second method can only be regarded as a "treating the symptoms but not the root cause" method, but it is also more convenient and easier to operate; the third method is recommended by me. It fundamentally solves the defects of any DOS long file names, and is fully compatible with Windows, so that no errors will occur when dealing with Windows faults. The only shortcoming is that it will occupy a small amount of memory.
Jade Saber - Support for USB Devices
Many people, even friends engaged in computer work, think that DOS cannot support USB devices! USB is an interface standard, and the inability to support USB is also one of the reasons why many people abandon DOS. But after multiple tests by the author, I can finally tell everyone: DOS can definitely support some USB devices, and the operation is very convenient! Because now there is the DUSE 4.4 version of this "Jade Saber"! Now the author will take the Patriot Storage King USB hard drive as an example under MS-DOS to explain its use method:
>DUSELDR DUSE.EXE VERBOSE DRIVES=2 XFER=8 SEC=2048 NOCD?
(You can also put DUSE.EXE as a device in the DEVICE item of CONFIG.SYS for use)
It should be noted that DUSE has many parameters and the settings may be more complicated. Once the settings are incorrect, it may be impossible to use USB devices. For USB hard drives, the setting of the SEC value is the most important. For details, please refer to the special article in the "DOS Articles" column.
Of course, it is undeniable that not all USB devices can work well under DOS. Some USB interface devices may not be usable. After all, the development of device drivers and applications under DOS still has quite a lot of difficulties or problems, and programmers need to continue to improve them.
Lover's Ring - Perfect Network Management Capability
The network has become the main way of human emotional communication and one of the most important main attack directions in the IT industry. And the early DOS era has created a former network giant: NOVELL! That is to say, DOS actually has perfect network management capabilities, but they were "blocked" in MS-DOS. Microsoft focused on the fully network-supported NT series. In network management work, we often encounter various problems. How to let DOS handle them? There are mainly the following two methods:
1) DOS peer-to-peer network: Regarding this method, the author likes to use the Netware Lite 1.1 software. It is a very easy-to-use DOS peer-to-peer network tool launched by Novell. Due to space limitations, the author will not explain it in detail. It should be noted that it is best to choose the client and server mode during installation, and it is best to understand the use of NOVELL network NET commands during use, otherwise one will be at a loss;
2) DOS workstation logging in to the server: This method requires the support of two software: Microsoft Network Client v3.0 for DOS (MSClient) and MetaFrame's client software ICADOS32. The function of MSClient is to connect and share server resources, and ICADOS32 plays the role of logging in to the server.
Using these two methods, we can all conveniently realize DOS's management of the network. Using these methods, the author has also realized remote cloning without using GHOST's multicast method. Those interested may as well give it a try.
Farewell Hook - NTFS Integrates into the DOS Embrace
Now Microsoft is vigorously promoting the Win2000 and XP series built on the NT core. The NT series has a brand new NTFS disk format, which is more secure, reliable, and stable, but DOS and Win9X series cannot read it. That is to say, in DOS or Win9X, you cannot even see the partitions formatted with NTFS, let alone operate and use them. The purpose of this is of course to make the NT series more secure, but it leaves us helpless when the NT series crashes and cannot boot... After all, many people are now using the Windows XP operating system. However, now it's good. With the professional version of NTFS for DOS, we can operate files in the NTFS format under DOS. It provides a good solution when the NT series has problems.
NTFS for DOS is very easy to use. Just enter >ntfspro after the DOS prompt and press Enter. Just note that its versions are divided into read-only (free) and read-write (commercial software) versions. After downloading (you can download the read-write version in the "Drivers" of this site), when installing it to the hard drive, you must also copy the 7 files (totaling 3.2M) of c_1252.nls, c_437.nls, l_intl.nls, ntoskrl.exe, autochk.exe, ntdll.dll, ntfs.sys from the NT system to a certain folder (if they don't exist). And the execution line should add the parameter /P<directory>. The most convenient method is to put them in the same folder as NTFS for DOS. In addition, entering the /? parameter after ntfspro can understand some of its parameters. For example, /L<letter> can customize the NT system drive letter.
This is a very easy-to-use software, but its powerful function builds a bridge between DOS, Win9x, and the NT series, bringing back the long-lost NT to the DOS embrace, and also provides a most direct and convenient method for us to handle NT system faults.
Overlord Spear - Memory Management
DOS usually can only use 640K of basic memory, which is also the view of many people. Of course, it is a fact that DOS has not supported memory well due to historical reasons. Fortunately, now there are these two "Overlord Spears" of QEMM and UMBPCI. Both of these software can replace EMM386.EXE, allowing DOS to make full use of upper memory to save the already meager basic memory. The author more recommends using QEMM. The author has used this software for nearly ten years and found that its compatibility is very perfect. The free basic memory can be as high as 630K. More importantly, it will automatically configure, allowing users to obtain more available memory without having to do it themselves. And with its continuous version updates, it gets along very "harmoniously" with Chinese character systems; while UMBPCI is more updated compared to QEMM and has slightly stronger functions. It may have some compatibility problems on some motherboards, but it is very small and suitable for use on boot disks.
Fist - Disk and File Management
The use of disks and files is the most common work we encounter. And disk management is a strong point of DOS, with much more powerful functions than the Windows series, such as processing partition tables, boot sectors, etc., which are very convenient to operate. Of course, the FDISK and Format commands of DOS itself have limited functions and are slow. The author strongly recommends the SPFDISK software. It is only more than 100K, but it is an excellent tool for partitioning, quick formatting, and multi-system management. It can recognize multiple formats of partitions, such as NTFS, ext2, etc. The most important thing is that multiple systems can be established on one hard drive without any impact on each other, realizing the multi-C drive technology. The author has installed several operating systems such as Win98SE, Win2000 Server, WinXP, RedHat Linux on his 80G hard drive using it, and the software interface is in full Chinese (traditional). The author thinks it is much more powerful than other partitioning and multi-system software and is also the only partitioning tool the author currently retains.
In terms of file management, the first choice is VC (Volkov Commander) this software. The 4.99 free version currently circulating on the Internet supports long file names, double-window operation, and the interface is similar to the once very famous Norton Commander,
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