|
waterz
高级用户
   
积分 546
发帖 135
注册 2003-6-13
状态 离线
|
『楼 主』:
详解CONFIG.SYS~1[面向初级DOS用户]
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
因为对DOS的爱好,我整理了这个关于配置CONFIG.SYS的东东.也许有的朋友没有用过DOS,而出于对DOS的好奇,而安装了DOS系统,就这样解释一下.
声明:作者以为读者有一定的DOS经验,至少,你知道什么是DOS
DOS启动时要求多个程序, 在这些程序中, 一个重要的程序是CONFIG.SYS. 奇怪的是, CONFIG.SYS既不是一个执行文件, 也不是一个DOS文件, 它是一个文本文件. 你可以也必须编辑它. 仔细想想"编辑"可能并不是最合适的字眼,我们必须为CONFIG.SYS付出艰辛的劳动. 事实上,配置文件可以使计算机发挥更好的潜力,糟糕的CONFIG.SYS文件意味着糟糕的计算机工作效率,好的配置文件意味着用户一定是一个Microsoft环境程序员或者是一个DOS高手^_^
关于CONFIG.SYS文件的一个方便之处在于:一旦理解了怎么干,怎样避免和剔除一些小麻烦后,直到为系统加入某一软件或硬件设备之前,便不需要再去打扰它.在没有确定CONFIG.SYS之前,我们遇到到艰辛和麻烦.当这样的时刻到来时,各位不妨随便看看这一帖子.
概述:
相对于WINDOWS 9X,2K,XP, 我们必须面对这个事实,DOS得知怎样运用电脑的方法是很愚蠢的.当DOS开始工作的时候,它必须在磁盘上寻找一名为CONFIG.SYS配置的文件并从中取出正确的信息.配置文件中包括一系列我们称之为''配置命令''的命令,这些命令告诉DOS怎样自举,如何使用内存,如何与系统配置的各种硬件设备交换信息.如果你不告诉它,那么抱歉,它也不让你使用.
·CONFIG.SYS的名字来源于配置系统,其目的是使DOS和计算机更好地协调工作
CONFIG.SYS的功能:
CONFIG.SYS主要完成两方面的工作:
首先CONFIG.SYS给予DOS如何开展工作的信息.大部分信息是针对磁盘驱动器程序的,例如,一共有几个磁盘驱动器,DOS为磁盘驱动器分配多少缓冲,(DOS不会自动处理这些事情,便是最新的WINXP也要安装主板驱动的.主板驱动中,大多数补丁是为了使系统支持DMA66/100之类)
其次,配置文件告诉DOS和计算机软件配置了哪些有趣的设备,比如说,一张声卡,CD-ROM,USB闪存,网络装置,扫描仪,或其他任何有趣的设备,配置文件告诉DSO和应用程序可以使用这些设备.这也许是CONFIG.SYS最重要的(也是最令人头疼的)部分.
·CONFGIS.SYS要点
DOS对CONFIG.SYS有一些特殊的规定和规矩,依次如下:
⊙CONFIG.SYS必须在你的启动盘的根目录上,并且名为CONFIG.SYS
⊙CONFIG.SYS是一个纯文本文件
⊙以共有20多条配置命令,根据DOS版本的高低有所不同,本文默认为DOS6.XX以上
⊙但是你没必要死记这些条目
⊙允许在CONFIG.SYS中出现空行
⊙一些程序安装或启动时会改变配置文件CONFIG.SYS,有些程序甚至不经过你允许.虽然,有些改变对你的系统是有利的,虽然如此,还是应该关注,特别是你安装了一个程序之后,系统不正常了,那么看看CONFIG.SYS是否有所改变.
·浏览配置文件
浏览配置文件的最好方法是使用编辑器,比如DOS Editor.
1.在DOS下输入以下命令:

2.EDIT运行后如下:

如果配置文件太大,可以在DOS Editro中使用PgDn翻页来看它的全貌.
如果没有计算机上没有CONFIG.SYS文件,建立该文件,向上面的例子一样,内容可以如下
DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS
DOS=HIGH
FILES=20
BUFFERS=15
LASTDRIVE=Z
下一节,我们看看CONFIG.SYS中的错误。
〖To be continue〗
Because of the love for DOS, I sorted out this thing about configuring CONFIG.SYS. Maybe some friends have never used DOS, but out of curiosity about DOS, they installed the DOS system, so just explain it like this.
Declaration: The author assumes that the reader has certain DOS experience. At least, you know what DOS is
When DOS starts, it requires multiple programs. Among these programs, an important program is CONFIG.SYS. The strange thing is that CONFIG.SYS is neither an executable file nor a DOS file. It is a text file. You can and must edit it. Think carefully that "editing" may not be the most appropriate word. We must work hard for CONFIG.SYS. In fact, the configuration file can make the computer play better potential. A bad CONFIG.SYS file means bad computer work efficiency, and a good configuration file means that the user must be a Microsoft environment programmer or a DOS expert ^_^
One convenient thing about the CONFIG.SYS file is that once you understand how to do it and how to avoid and eliminate some small troubles, you don't need to bother it until you add a certain software or hardware device to the system. Before determining CONFIG.SYS, we encounter hardships and troubles. When such a moment comes, you may as well take a look at this post casually.
Overview:
Compared with WINDOWS 9X, 2K, XP, we must face the fact that DOS' way of knowing how to use the computer is very stupid. When DOS starts to work, it must find a configuration file named CONFIG.SYS on the disk and take out the correct information from it. The configuration file includes a series of commands we call "configuration commands", which tell DOS how to bootstrap, how to use memory, and how to exchange information with various hardware devices configured in the system. If you don't tell it, then sorry, it won't let you use it.
· The name of CONFIG.SYS comes from configuring the system, and its purpose is to make DOS and the computer work better in coordination
Functions of CONFIG.SYS:
CONFIG.SYS mainly completes two aspects of work:
First, CONFIG.SYS gives DOS information on how to carry out work. Most of the information is for the disk drive program. For example, how many disk drives are there in total, how much buffer does DOS allocate for the disk drive, (DOS will not automatically handle these things. Even the latest WINXP needs to install the motherboard driver. Most patches in the motherboard driver are to make the system support DMA66/100 and so on)
Second, the configuration file tells DOS and the computer software which interesting devices are configured. For example, a sound card, CD-ROM, USB flash drive, network device, scanner, or any other interesting device. The configuration file tells DSO and application programs that these devices can be used. This may be the most important (and most headache-inducing) part of CONFIG.SYS.
· Key points of CONFGIS.SYS
DOS has some special regulations and rules for CONFIG.SYS, as follows in sequence:
⊙ CONFIG.SYS must be on the root directory of your boot disk and named CONFIG.SYS
⊙ CONFIG.SYS is a pure text file
⊙ There are more than 20 configuration commands in total, which vary according to the version of DOS. This article defaults to DOS6.XX and above
⊙ But you don't need to memorize these entries by heart
⊙ Empty lines are allowed in CONFIG.SYS
⊙ Some programs install or start up will change the configuration file CONFIG.SYS, and some programs even do it without your permission. Although some changes are beneficial to your system, still, you should pay attention, especially after you install a program and the system is abnormal, then see if CONFIG.SYS has changed.
· Browsing the configuration file
The best way to browse the configuration file is to use an editor, such as DOS Editor.
1. Enter the following command under DOS:

2. After EDIT runs, it is as follows:

If the configuration file is too large, you can use PgDn to turn pages in DOS Editor to see its full picture.
If there is no CONFIG.SYS file on the computer, create this file. The content can be as follows like the above example
DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS
DOS=HIGH
FILES=20
BUFFERS=15
LASTDRIVE=Z
The next section, let's see the errors in CONFIG.SYS.
〖To be continue〗
|

 |
|
2003-6-21 00:00 |
|
|
慕白
高级用户
   
积分 617
发帖 115
注册 2003-6-4
状态 离线
|
|
2003-6-21 00:00 |
|
|
waterz
高级用户
   
积分 546
发帖 135
注册 2003-6-13
状态 离线
|
『第 3 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
自己配置CONFIG.SYS可能会出现一些错误,有些错误是有风险的
·处理CONFIG.SYS中的错误
在使用CONFIG.SYS文件的情况下,我们可能会发现一些错误,这也是使得DOS如此痛苦的一个方面.否则,苹果电脑公司就不会特别解释它的''购买Macintosh的原因'',在这些解释中,苹果电脑公司指责了CONFIG.SYS刁难用户的缺点.Microsoft因此升级为''瘟倒死''系列,并声称不再支持DOS^_^
启动电脑时,CONFIG.SYS文件的错误会令我们非常吃惊.当看见这些错误以看不清的速度飞快的滚动,我们只能挣大眼睛.但就是这种情况还不是最糟糕的,通常,当CONFIG.SYS文件出错时,电脑便死机.
·致命的错误
CONFIG.SYS文件中出现错误,有很多时候是由拼写错误产生的.
再次启动电脑,在看见屏幕上出现"Starting MS-DOS..."信息时,马上按下''F5''键.这样可以告诉DOS跳过CONFIG.SYS文件和AUTOEXEC.BAT文件这两个初启文件,启动成功后只是提供一个DOS提示符.这时,可以在没有任何东西捣乱PC或DOS的情况下编辑CONFIG.SYS.
使用Editor程序复查CONFIG.SYS文件,一般很快就能发现错误,然后就可以编辑;修改;重启电脑...
如果你不知道问题出在哪里,屏幕上出现"Starting MS-DOS..."信息时,请按下''F8''键.F8键使DOS依次解释命令,在执行每条命令前都会提示"是或否?",比如
DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS ?
按下Y键运行这条命令,按N键跳过这条命令.所以当看见下行
DEVICE=C:\DOS\HYMEM.SYS ?y
Unrecognized command in CONFIG.SYS
如果你原先是想键入HIMEM.SYS,现在这样显然是一个非法操作.很好,既然我们知道在哪里出错了,修改它就不难.
当找到了问题所在,可以按下''ESC''键告诉DOS:"好了,不要再提示了,接着运行余下的CONFIG.SYS命令."
在按F5和F8时没有必要过分的性急, 在出现MS-DOS信息后至少两秒钟(对上GHz电脑来说可以算做永恒了)来选择按这两个键.
F5和F8键只在DOS 6版本后才有效.其它的DOS版本可能显示别的信息.
如果没有DOS6以上的版本,或者你用的NON MSDOS系统不支持F5和F8,故障检查工作将变得十分艰辛,我们需要获得一张正常的自举盘以便需要时引导机器.这是我为什么先不说CONFIG.SYS中的命令,而先解释错误的原因.
·普通错误
在开机运行CONFIG.SYS,有时系统会大发善心,提示一些普通错误,除了上面的Unrecognized command外,还有:
Error in CONFIG.SYS line XX
在CONFIG.SYS文件的某一行有大错,这可能是一个打字错误,例如,可能是要在输入数字''0''时输入了字母''o'',在应该输入数字''1''时你输入了字母''l''等等.幸运的是,错误的行号已经给出,因为几乎所有的DOS编辑器都在屏幕上显示当前行号,查找错误是非常容易的.
Bad or missing ...
上面的...将会被一个文件名代替,很可能是一个设备驱动程序或其它的程序名,这时因为给这个文件制定了错误的位置.当重新整理了硬盘并且移动了某些文件,在CONFIG.SYS文件中也需要改变其相应位置(其实是路径).
·特殊错误和设备驱动程序错误
在修改CONFIG.SYS文件后只会出现很少别的错误,这并不像上面讲的那样普遍.
Bad command or Parameters
这一提示指出,所输入的命令违反了DOS规定的可选项的数值范围,比如DOS6下指定RAM虚拟盘容量超过32MB.
Invalid contry code or code page
这是在CONTRY命令后的代码页指定错误
xxx CD-ROM driver not found...
你可能拔下了你的CD-ROM驱动器,因此CD-ROM设备驱动程序惶恐的报告光驱被偷了 <img src="images/smilies/face-laugh.png" align="absmiddle" border="0">
有些设备驱动程序产生他们自己的''内存不够''信息.第三方开发的内存管理软件(如QEMM)将会出现:
Not enough memory to load high; loading low instead
下一节,我们开始介绍CONFIG.SYS中的配置命令。
〖To be continue〗
Configuring CONFIG.SYS yourself may cause some errors, and some errors are risky
·Handling errors in CONFIG.SYS
When using the CONFIG.SYS file, we may find some errors, which is also one of the aspects that make DOS so troublesome. Otherwise, Apple Computer wouldn't specifically explain its "Reasons for Buying a Macintosh", in which Apple accused the shortcomings of CONFIG.SYS that made it difficult for users. Microsoft thus upgraded to the "Windows" series and claimed that it no longer supports DOS^_^
When booting the computer, errors in the CONFIG.SYS file will surprise us. When we see these errors scrolling by at a speed that is hard to see, we can only stare wide-eyed. But this situation is not the worst. Usually, when there is an error in the CONFIG.SYS file, the computer will crash.
·Fatal errors
Many times, errors in the CONFIG.SYS file are caused by spelling mistakes.
Boot the computer again. When you see the message "Starting MS-DOS..." on the screen, press the "F5" key immediately. This can tell DOS to skip the two startup files, CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT, and after successful startup, it will only provide a DOS prompt. At this time, you can edit CONFIG.SYS without anything interfering with the PC or DOS.
Use the Editor program to review the CONFIG.SYS file. Usually, errors can be found quickly, and then you can edit, modify, and restart the computer...
If you don't know where the problem is, when you see the message "Starting MS-DOS...", press the "F8" key. The F8 key makes DOS interpret the commands one by one, and it will prompt "Yes or No?" before executing each command, for example
DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS ?
Press the Y key to run this command, and press the N key to skip this command. So when you see the next line
DEVICE=C:\DOS\HYMEM.SYS ?y
Unrecognized command in CONFIG.SYS
If you originally wanted to type HIMEM.SYS, this is obviously an illegal operation. Well, since we know where the error is, it's not difficult to modify it.
When you find the problem, you can press the "ESC" key to tell DOS: "Okay, don't prompt anymore, and then run the remaining CONFIG.SYS commands."
There is no need to be too impatient when pressing F5 and F8. Wait at least two seconds after the MS-DOS message appears (which can be considered as eternity for GHz computers) to choose to press these two keys.
The F5 and F8 keys are only effective after DOS version 6. Other DOS versions may display different messages.
If there is no DOS version above 6, or the NON MSDOS system you use does not support F5 and F8, the fault checking work will become very difficult. We need to get a normal boot disk to boot the machine when needed. This is why I didn't talk about the commands in CONFIG.SYS first, but explained the reasons for the errors first.
·Common errors
When booting and running CONFIG.SYS, sometimes the system will be kind enough to prompt some common errors. In addition to the above Unrecognized command, there are also:
Error in CONFIG.SYS line XX
There is a big error in a certain line of the CONFIG.SYS file. This may be a typo, for example, you may have entered the letter "o" when you were supposed to enter the number "0", or you may have entered the letter "l" when you were supposed to enter the number "1", etc. Fortunately, the line number of the error has been given, because almost all DOS editors display the current line number on the screen, and it is very easy to find the error.
Bad or missing ...
The above... will be replaced by a file name, which is likely to be a device driver or other program name. This is because the wrong location is specified for this file. When you reorganize the hard disk and move some files, you also need to change the corresponding location (actually the path) in the CONFIG.SYS file.
·Special errors and device driver errors
There will be very few other errors after modifying the CONFIG.SYS file, which is not as common as the above.
Bad command or Parameters
This prompt indicates that the entered command violates the range of optional values specified by DOS. For example, specifying the RAM virtual disk capacity exceeding 32MB under DOS6.
Invalid contry code or code page
This is an error in specifying the code page after the CONTRY command
xxx CD-ROM driver not found...
You may have unplugged your CD-ROM drive, so the CD-ROM device driver nervously reports that the CD drive has been stolen :)
Some device drivers generate their own "not enough memory" messages. Third-party developed memory management software (such as QEMM) will have:
Not enough memory to load high; loading low instead
In the next section, we will start to introduce the configuration commands in CONFIG.SYS.
〖To be continue〗
|

 |
|
2003-6-21 00:00 |
|
|
waterz
高级用户
   
积分 546
发帖 135
注册 2003-6-13
状态 离线
|
『第 4 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
哇,我才发现和‘如是大师’的帖子重复啊~~郁闷,不写了
Wow, I just realized that my post is repeated with 'Master Rushi's'~ Depressed, won't write anymore
|

 |
|
2003-6-21 00:00 |
|
|
慕白
高级用户
   
积分 617
发帖 115
注册 2003-6-4
状态 离线
|
『第 5 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
让我们换个角度来看CONFIG不是很好吗?
如果确实不想写了,可以换其他的主题啊......
支持你!
Isn't it good to look at CONFIG from another angle?
If you really don't want to write anymore, you can change to other topics...
Support you!
|
|
2003-6-21 00:00 |
|
|
waterz
高级用户
   
积分 546
发帖 135
注册 2003-6-13
状态 离线
|
『第 6 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
55555555,不好意思啊,内容差不多哦,下次弄个批处理吧
5555555, sorry, the content is almost the same. Next time make a batch file.
|

 |
|
2003-6-21 00:00 |
|
|
ricepot100
初级用户
 
积分 294
发帖 49
注册 2003-5-16
状态 离线
|
|
2003-6-22 00:00 |
|
|
zhaolj1983
初级用户
 
积分 125
发帖 5
注册 2003-6-22
状态 离线
|
|
2003-6-22 00:00 |
|
|
如是大师
元老会员
         步行的人
积分 9654
发帖 3351
注册 2003-3-11 来自 湖北
状态 离线
|
『第 9 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
呵呵。。我看到你的帖子写得很好呀。。正想偷懒呢。。继续呀
Hehe.. I see your post is written very well.. I was just thinking of being lazy.. Continue on
|

弄花香满衣,掬水月在手。
明月鹭鸟飞, 芦花白马走。
我自一过后,野渡现横舟。
青云碧空在,净瓶水不流。
http://dos.e-stone.cn/guestbook/index.asp
======中國DOS聯盟=====
我的新网页http://rsds.7i24.com欢迎光顾 |
|
2003-6-22 00:00 |
|
|
hunome
银牌会员
     颓废青年
积分 2265
发帖 721
注册 2003-5-12
状态 离线
|
|
2003-6-22 00:00 |
|
|
mys
元老会员
        
积分 5170
发帖 1637
注册 2002-10-16 来自 广东佛山
状态 离线
|
『第 11 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
很好嘛,继续写下去,对人对已都很有好处呢。
That's great. Keep writing, it's very beneficial for both others and yourself.
|

我的网志
http://hzmys.blog.163.com/
我的网盘
firststep.qjwm.com
fsmys.ys168.com
ssmys.ys168.com
www.brsbox.com/fsmys
www.brsbox.com/ssmys
www.brsbox.com/ccdos
|
|
2003-6-22 00:00 |
|
|
lili390
初级用户
 
积分 119
发帖 3
注册 2003-6-6
状态 离线
|
『第 12 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
你写的很好,我等菜鸟大有收获,希望继续。不过也许我太菜了,看不懂配置文件(http://www2.zzu.edu.cn/ie/newdos/uploadImages/20036211634881663.gif)。另,学完dos的命令后该学什么?
You write very well, and we beginners have gained a lot. Hope to continue. But maybe I'm too green to understand the configuration file (http://www2.zzu.edu.cn/ie/newdos/uploadImages/20036211634881663.gif). Also, what should be learned after learning the DOS commands?
|
|
2003-6-22 00:00 |
|
|
Wengier
系统支持
             “新DOS时代”站长
积分 27736
发帖 10521
注册 2002-10-9
状态 离线
|
『第 13 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
我的CONFIG.SYS(MS-DOS 7.10的)文件是这样的呢:
device=himem.sys
device=emm386.exe noems i=b200-b7ff
devicehigh=setver.exe
devicehigh=vide-cdd.sys /d:IDECDROM
rem devicehigh=cloaking.exe
country=086,936,country.sys
shell=c:\command.com /p /e:640
set comspec=C:\COMMAND.COM
set temp=e:\temp
set tmp=e:\temp
accdate=c+ d+ e+
dos=high,umb
numlock=off
fileshigh=30
fcbshigh=4,0
lastdrivehigh=32
buffershigh=30,0
stackshigh=9,256
My CONFIG.SYS (for MS-DOS 7.10) file is as follows:
device=himem.sys
device=emm386.exe noems i=b200-b7ff
devicehigh=setver.exe
devicehigh=vide-cdd.sys /d:IDECDROM
rem devicehigh=cloaking.exe
country=086,936,country.sys
shell=c:\command.com /p /e:640
set comspec=C:\COMMAND.COM
set temp=e:\temp
set tmp=e:\temp
accdate=c+ d+ e+
dos=high,umb
numlock=off
fileshigh=30
fcbshigh=4,0
lastdrivehigh=32
buffershigh=30,0
stackshigh=9,256
|

Wengier - 新DOS时代
欢迎大家来到我的“新DOS时代”网站,里面有各类DOS软件和资料,地址:
http://wendos.mycool.net/
E-Mail & MSN: wengierwu AT hotmail.com (最近比较忙,有事请联系DOSroot和雨露,谢谢!)
 |
|
2003-6-22 00:00 |
|
|
ko20010214
版主
       
积分 7294
发帖 1628
注册 2002-10-16
状态 离线
|
『第 14 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
楼主的DOS水平挺不错。写的文章也不错。欢迎啊欢迎!
继续写吧。呵呵。。。
The LZ's DOS level is quite good. The articles written are also good. Welcome! Welcome! Keep writing. Hehe...
|

ko20010214
=================================
大功告成,打个Kiss!
ko20010214@MSN.com
神州优雅Q300C
Intel CeleronM 370处理器 | 256MbDDR内存
40G硬盘 | USB2.0 | IEEE 1394
13.3 ' WXGA 宽屏(16:10) | COMBO光驱
10/100M网卡 | 四合一读卡器
|
|
2003-6-23 00:00 |
|
|
waterz
高级用户
   
积分 546
发帖 135
注册 2003-6-13
状态 离线
|
『第 15 楼』:
使用 LLM 解释/回答一下
好啊,等我慢慢来~~汗
Okay, wait for me to take my time~~ Sweat
|

 |
|
2003-6-23 00:00 |
|
|